Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

Management Plan template below.

 

Main diagnosis: Pinworms

 

Alternate diagnoses are as follows:

1. Encopresis ICD:10 code F98.1 Encopresis not due to a substance or known psychological condition.
2. Dermatitis ICD:10 code L30.9 Dermatitis unspecified
3. Tinea Cruris ICD:10 code B35.6 Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

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APA FORMAT WITH 3-5 Scholarly References

 

 Management Plan Template– must include these headings: This section is worth 70 points.

 

 

1. Problem Statement – 5 pts (simply write see problem statement written in iHuman section. Please note that the problem statement that I grade is the one written in the “Problem Statement” section within the iHuman.

 

**Here simply write see my completed ‘Problem Statement’ within iHuman.*** Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

 

2. Primary Diagnosis, Differentials & Coding—10 points (all areas must be addressed)
   1. What is the primary dx ICD-10 code (1 point):
   2. What is your rationale for arriving at this primary diagnosis? You must integrate the pertinent finding and support your rationale with evidence-based literature (resources) (4 points)
   3. Include CPT codes, and any procedural codes (such as nurse lab draws, vaccinations given, biopsies) (2 points):
   4. Differential diagnoses (ddx)with rationale and resources. Minimum of 3-5 differentials (primary dx does not count as a differential). For well-child visit, if there are no other health issues, then differentials are not needed. (3 points) Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay
      1. DDx#1–
      2. DDx#2-

• DDX #3-

 

3. Medications: (10 points)- Must be written as a prescription.

For example:

Med:  Amoxicillin 400mg/5ml

Sig:    Take 5 tsp po BID x 10days

Disp:  120ml bottle (strawberry flavor); no refills

 

4. Treatment plan / SDOH / Health Promotion – 20 pts
   1. Treatment plans-should be supported by clinical guidelines (10 points)
   2. SDOH: address all 6 areas of social determinants of health (5 points)
   3. Health Promotion/Anticipatory guidance: (5 points) Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

Must list a minimum of 5 related to child’s age. Do not simply write f/u on vaccinations, be specific. Use your Bright Futures to help you with this area.

 

5. education (10 points)- – Educate parent and patient about today’s visit/diagnosis/meds etc. Must list a minimum of 5 patient education regarding today’s visit.

 

6. Follow up- 10 pts
   1. Timing/when: (2 points)
   2. Instructions: (4 points)
   3. Symptom to watch for that will prompt a return (red flags): (4 points) Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

 

7. References – 5 pts
   1. *In text citations- (1 point)
   2. *Min 3 evidence-based references < 5 y/old-> ( 3points)
   3. *Clinical guidelines cited in treatment plan- ( 1 point)

 

REFERENCES (USE APA)

Must have 3 and must show that it is cited within your text. Please understand that references provide the information necessary for readers to identify and retrieve each work cited in the text. If your references are not cited within your text, then points will be deducted. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

**NO MAYO CLINIC, no pt. education websites, CDC should only be for stats. REFERENCES must be peer-reviewed literature. Please utilize the Walden Library. Use primary sources.

Management Plan

Problem Statement: Problem statement: A.P. is a 5-year-old make, kindergarten child who is brought by mom with the complaint of “my bottom itches”. The itching has been worsening over the last 2-4 weeks. The child is now complaining it is worse at night and awakens him repeatedly. The child is not fully toilet trained and has stooling accidents and wears pull-ups. He does have a history of constipation. On physical exam his findings include: mild anal excoriations with minimal erythema and uneven fingernails from his nail-biting habit. Additional risk factors include: recent change in body soap and laundry detergent. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

Primary Diagnosis, Differentials & Coding

Main Diagnosis (Pinworms ICD-10 Code B80.9): AL-kafaji and Alsaadi (2022) state that Enterobius vermicularis is the common cause of pinworm infection. It also known as enterobiasis. Perianal itching is a common complaint, especially at night, and can cause sleep disturbances. Pinworms are frequently identified by the tape test or by observing worms in the stool.

Alternate Diagnoses:

1. Encopresis (ICD-10 code F98.1): Encopresis refers to involuntary defecation in inappropriate places. It typically occurs in children beyond the age when bowel control is expected (Perry, 2021). It can result from chronic constipation leading to fecal impaction and overflow incontinence. However, in this case, the absence of known psychological conditions or substances excludes this diagnosis as the primary cause.
2. Dermatitis (ICD-10 code L30.9): Dermatitis encompasses various inflammatory skin conditions (Perry, 2021).  Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay The presence of mild anal excoriations with minimal erythema could suggest dermatitis. However, the predominance of symptoms like nocturnal itching and the history of recent worsening favor pinworm infection as the primary diagnosis.
3. Tinea Cruris (ICD-10 code B35.6): Tinea cruris, or jock itch, is a fungal infection that affects the groin area. While it can cause itching, the absence of typical lesions in the groin and the predominant perianal symptoms make it less likely compared to pinworms.

Medications:

Med: Albendazole 200mg tablets
Sig: Take 1 tablet orally as a single dose, repeat in 2 weeks
Disp: 2 tablets (400mg total); no refills Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

Albendazole is an anthelmintic medication primarily used to treat parasitic infections, including pinworms, which is the primary diagnosis in this case. It kills parasites by preventing their ability to metabolize glucose (Aldamigh et al., 2024). The recommended dosage for pinworm infection is a single oral dose. This dose is typically administered as 200mg tablets. However, due to the possibility of reinfection from pinworm eggs, a second dose is often advised after two weeks to ensure eradication of the parasites. It is essential for the patient to take the medication exactly as prescribed to achieve optimal results. Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, or dizziness, but these are usually mild and transient. As with any medication, it is crucial to discuss potential risks and benefits with the prescribing healthcare provider. Furthermore, it is important to prioritize appropriate hygiene practices and environmental cleanliness measures in order to avert the illness from recurring or spreading. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

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Treatment plan / SDOH / Health Promotion

1. Treatment Plan:

The treatment plan for A.P. involves administering Albendazole, an anthelmintic medication commonly prescribed for pinworm infection. Clinical guidelines recommend a single oral dose of Albendazole, typically 200mg tablets, followed by a repeat dose in two weeks to ensure eradication of the parasites (Chai et al., 2021). This treatment regimen is supported by established protocols for managing pinworm infestations in pediatric patients. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

1. Social Determinants of Health (SDOH):
2. Economic Stability: Assessing the family’s financial situation and to make sure they have access to affordable healthcare and prescription drugs.
3. Education: Providing information on proper hygiene practices and the importance of regular handwashing to prevent reinfection and transmission of pinworms.

• Social and Community Context: Offering support and guidance to the family regarding childcare facilities and resources available in the community to assist with managing the child’s condition. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

1. Healthcare Access and Quality: Ensuring access to healthcare providers who can offer comprehensive treatment and follow-up care. These include monitoring for potential side effects of Albendazole.
2. Neighborhood and Built Environment: Identifying any environmental factors that may contribute to the spread of pinworms and providing recommendations for improving sanitation and hygiene within the home environment.
3. Social Support Networks: Offering emotional support to the family and connecting them with support groups or counseling services if needed to address any stress or anxiety related to the child’s condition.
4. Health Promotion/Anticipatory Guidance:
5. Encourage Proper Hygiene Practices: Emphasize the importance of regular handwashing, especially before eating and after using the toilet. This may help prevent the spread of pinworms.
6. Promote Toilet Training: Provide guidance and support to facilitate toilet training to reduce the risk of stooling accidents and minimize exposure to pinworm eggs. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

• Address Nail-Biting Habit: Offer strategies to discourage nail-biting, such as providing alternative activities to keep hands busy and applying a bitter-tasting nail polish.

1. Educate on Dietary Habits: Recommend a high-fiber diet and adequate fluid intake to help prevent constipation, which can contribute to the recurrence of pinworm infections.
2. Emphasize Environmental Hygiene: Advise thorough cleaning of bedding, clothing, and toys to remove any eggs that may be present, along with regular vacuuming and disinfection of household surfaces.

Pt. education

1. Understanding the Diagnosis: Inform the parent and the patient that pinworms, a common intestinal parasite infection, are the source of the child’s bottom itching.
2. Treatment Explanation: Discuss the prescribed medication, Albendazole, and its purpose in eliminating the pinworm infection. Emphasize the importance of completing the full course of treatment. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay
3. Hygiene Practices: Educate on proper handwashing techniques, stressing the importance of washing hands thoroughly with soap and water, particularly after using the toilet and before eating, to prevent the spread of pinworms.
4. Environmental Hygiene: Advise the parent on the importance of regularly washing bedding, clothing, and toys to remove any eggs that may be present and reducing the risk of reinfection.
5. Follow-up Care: Inform the parent about the need for a repeat dose of Albendazole in two weeks as per clinical guidelines to ensure complete eradication of the pinworms. Encourage them to contact the healthcare provider if any concerns or new symptoms arise during or after treatment. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

Follow up

1. Timing/When: Schedule a follow-up appointment with the healthcare provider two weeks after the initial treatment to assess the effectiveness of Albendazole in eliminating the pinworm infection.
2. Instructions:

1. Medication Adherence: Remind the parent to ensure the child completes the full course of Albendazole treatment. This should include the repeat dose in two weeks, as prescribed.
2. Hygiene Practices: Reinforce the importance of maintaining proper hygiene practices like regular handwashing and environmental cleaning, to prevent reinfection.

• Dietary Recommendations: Encourage a high-fiber diet and adequate fluid intake to promote regular bowel movements and reduce the risk of constipation, which can contribute to the recurrence of pinworms. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

1. Toilet Training: Provide support and guidance to facilitate toilet training to minimize exposure to pinworm eggs.
   1. Symptoms to Watch For (Red Flags):
2. Persistent or worsening itching in the bottom area despite completing the full course of treatment.
3. Development of new symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.

• Presence of blood in the stool or rectal bleeding.

1. Any signs of allergic reaction to the medication like rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay

 

References

AL-kafaji, M. S. A., & Alsaadi, Z. H. (2022). Pinworms Infection. Journal of Medical Research and Health Sciences, 5(8), 2182-2189. https://doi.org/10.52845/JMRHS/2022-5-8-7

Aldamigh, M. A., Rahman, A. U., Rahman, A. U., Khan, N., Muhammad, S., Arancibia, E. I., & De los Rios-Escalante, P. (2024). EFFICACY OF ALBENDAZOLE AGAINST ENTEROBIASIS IN BELOW 15 YEARS OLD CHILDREN: A CASE REPORT FROM LOWER DIR, PAKISTAN. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(1), 1967-1972. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i1.3664

Chai, J. Y., Jung, B. K., & Hong, S. J. (2021). Albendazole and mebendazole as anti-parasitic and anti-cancer agents: an update. The Korean Journal of Parasitology, 59(3), 189. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.189

Perry, M. (2021). Fungal skin infections. Journal of Prescribing Practice, 3(8), 308-315. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jprp.2021.3.8.308 Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology Essay